Part 40 requires an MRO to provide an employee the opportunity to present a medical explanation for an invalid test result, to include any related to pH.
— If the employee provides an acceptable medical explanation, the MRO is authorized to cancel the test and take no further action.
— If there is no acceptable medical explanation, the MRO will cancel the test and will notify the employer or Designated Employer Representative (DER) to direct another collection under direct observation.
• The Department is aware of current research and studies offering evidence that, over time, heat may cause the pH to rise, typically into the range of 9.0 through 9.3, but not higher than 9.5. [See, for example, “Urine pH: the Effects of Time and Temperature after Collection,” Journal of Analytical Toxicology, Vol. 31, October 2007.]
• Consequently, when an employee has no other medical explanation for the pH in the 9.0 – 9.5 range, MROs should consider whether there is evidence of elapsed time and increased temperature that could account for the pH value.
• In doing so, MROs are authorized to consider the following:
— The temperature conditions that were likely to have existed between the time of collection and transportation of the specimen to the laboratory; and
— The length of time between the specimen collection and arrival at the laboratory.
• MROs may talk with the collection sites to discuss time and temperature issues, including any pertinent information regarding specimen storage.
• If the MRO determines that time and temperature account for the pH value, the MRO is authorized to cancel the test and take no further action.
• If the MRO determines that time and temperature fail to account for the pH value, the MRO is authorized cancel the test and direct another collection under direct observation.
DOT Part 40 Question and Answer dated 7/2008